Search results for "united nations"
showing 10 items of 54 documents
A new methodology for organic soils in national greenhouse gas inventories: Data synthesis, derivation and application
2020
Abstract Drained organic soils are large sources of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHG) in many European and Asian countries. Therefore, these soils urgently need to be considered and adequately accounted for when attempting to decrease emissions from the Agriculture and Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sectors. Here, we describe the methodology, data and results of the German approach for measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) of anthropogenic GHG emissions from drained organic soils and outline ways forward towards tracking drainage and rewetting. The methodology was developed for and is currently applied in the German GHG inventory under the United Nations Framewor…
Assessing the added value of the recent declaration on unregulated fishing for sustainable governance of the central Arctic Ocean
2016
Accepted manuscript version. Published version available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2016.01.013. Accepted manuscript version, licensed CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. The ‘Declaration concerning the prevention of unregulated high seas fishing in the central Arctic Ocean’ signed by the Arctic 5 nations, limits unregulated high seas fishing in the central part of the Arctic Ocean, and holds potential social, economic and political impacts for numerous stakeholders. In this paper, the four Interim Measures in the Declaration are discussed and what value these measures bring beyond the existing international agreements is explored. It is found that even though the Declaration fills a gap in the manag…
Perspectives for the Treatment of Brucellosis in the 21st Century: The Ioannina Recommendations
2007
Policy Forum. Competing interests: ER has received research grants from Daiichi, Bayer, and Theravance and has served as a consultant to Pfizer, Theravance, Bayer, Wyeth, Rosetta, and BiondVax. Summary Points Brucellosis remains the commonest anthropozoonosis worldwide, and its treatment remains complex, requiring protracted administration of more than one antibiotic. In November 2006, a consensus meeting aimed at reaching a common specialist statement on the treatment of brucellosis was held in Ioannina, Greece under the auspices of the International Society of Chemotherapy and the Institute of Continuing Medical Education of Ioannina. The author panel suggests that the optimal treatment o…
Monitoring recent trends: The prevalence of disclosure of sexual abuse in a representative sample of the German population based on indicator 16.2.3 …
2019
Abstract Background The monitoring of trends is important. The United Nations (UN) have defined indicators to monitor the proportion of young men and women who have experienced sexual abuse before the age of 18 (Indicator 16.2.3) as part of their global agenda, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Objective To examine recent trends in the disclosure of sexual abuse based on the indicator 16.2.3 of the SDG. Participants and setting A total of 7530 participants across Germany (51.1% female) were included. The participants were between 14 and 94 years old. Methods Three representative surveys were conducted using identical methods in 2010 (N = 2504), 2016 (N = 2510) and 2018 (N = 2516). A …
Unione africana e Nazioni Unite: coordinamento o subordinazione nella gestione delle crisi?
2019
The present chapter deals with the relationship between the United Nations and the African Union in the field of international peace and security. The shifting from the Organization for African Unity to the African Union and the establishment of the Peace and Security Council are the answers of African States to the failure of the United Nations to manage the several crisis scenarios in Africa since the early ’90s. If one considers, in fact, the practice of the Union, as regards enforcement actions, the lack of financial resources is the major obstacle to peace and security in Africa. Consequently, the AU Constitutive Act norms which seem to provide for a unilateral right to intervene of th…
Biopiracy and the right to self-determination of indigenous peoples.
2018
Abstract Background: Since over thirty years, I work on the unclear legal situation of in which indigenous peoples find themselves today in the beginning mainly in the USA and later also in Canada, Australia and New Zealand. The status of indigenous people and native nations is characterized as a mixture of national and international law. Hypothesis/Purpose: To clarify the status of indigenous people it is necessary to analyze and interpret carefully hundreds of old treaties, international declarations and covenants, national statutes and jurisprudence, especially the old leading decisions of the US-Supreme Court. Such an analysis and interpretation should prove that indigenous people have …
La respuesta del sistema de Naciones Unidas ante la situación de crisis prolongada en Haití
2016
Haití se ha erigido en un factor de inestabilidad regional que ha derivado en su consideración por parte del Consejo de Seguridad de las Naciones Unidas como una amenaza a la paz y a la seguridad internacionales a lo largo de los últimos 25 años. Este artículo pretende analizar la importancia de la actuación internacional llevada a cabo en Haití, así como si la respuesta del sistema de las Naciones Unidas ante las crisis haitianas ha garantizado unas condiciones de paz y estabilidad que han servido de base para importantes avances en otros ámbitos. Haiti has emerged as a factor of regional instability that led to its consideration by the United Nations Security Council as a threat to peace …
Reflexiones sobre cómo evaluar y mejorar la respuesta a la pandemia de COVID-19
2020
La pandemia de COVID-19 ha afectado de manera particularmente intensa a España, pese a su nivel de desarrollo y la elogiada solidez de su Sistema Nacional de Salud. Para comprender qué ha pasado e identificar cómo mejorar la respuesta creemos imprescindible una evaluación independiente multidisciplinaria de la esfera sanitaria, política y socioeconómica. En este trabajo proponemos objetivos, principios, metodología y dimensiones a evaluar, además de esbozar el tipo de resultados y conclusiones esperadas. Nos inspiramos en los requerimientos formulados por el panel independiente de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y en las experiencias evaluativas en otros países, y detallamos la propuest…
Quantifying submarine groundwater discharge in the coastal zone via multiple methods
2006
Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is now recognized as an important pathway between land and sea. As such, this flow may contribute to the biogeochemical and other marine budgets of near-shore waters. These discharges typically display significant spatial and temporal variability making assessments difficult. Groundwater seepage is patchy, diffuse, temporally variable, and may involve multiple aquifers. Thus, the measurement of its magnitude and associated chemical fluxes is a challenging enterprise. A joint project of UNESCO and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has examined several methods of SGD assessment and carried out a series of five intercomparison experiments in di…
Challenges in EU External Climate Change Policy-Making in the Early Post-Lisbon Era: The UNFCCC Copenhagen Negotiations
2011
The 15th United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Conference of the Parties (COP) meeting held in Copenhagen from 7 to 18 December 2009, which took place one week after the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon on 1 December 2009, has brought about rather disappointing outcomes from the perspective of the European Union (EU), which had previously displayed substantial leadership within the UN climate regime. Contrary to the EU’s objectives for the COP15 meeting, no legally binding agreement was reached to succeed the Kyoto Protocol after 2012 and the final Copenhagen Accord contained disappointingly few ambitious targets. This chapter tries to explain how this resul…